With the world waking up to climate emergency, most countries are looking at controlling emissions, including a reduction in Greenhouse Gases (GHG). Most mitigation measures take the command and control approach that relies on use of standards to achieve a change in emissions. These measures often take the form of environmental standards (such as National Standards for Effluents and Emission), and performance standards (such as Standards & Labeling Programme). In India, such measures are implemented as mandatory efficiency standards for appliances and buildings to improve energy efficiency, and thereby reduce energy demand; emissions reduction is a co-benefit.
